Our experimental platform consists of two Pentium III 500 MHz machines running Windows NT 4.0 that communicate via a third PC running the DummyNet network simulator [30]. This setup allows us to control the bandwidth between client and server to emulate various network technologies. For each application, we use three different bandwidths: one at which the application is network-bound, one at which it is CPU-bound, and one in-between.
All our experiments access data stored on an Apache 1.3 Web server. For the experiments where we measure the latency of loading the documents using the native application, Apache is the only process running on the server. For the Puppeteer experiments, the Apache server and Puppeteer server proxy run on the same machine.