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VM '04 — Abstract
Pp. 57–72 of the Proceedings
Using Hardware Performance Monitors to Understand the Behavior of Java Applications
Peter F. Sweeney, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center; Matthias Hauswirth, University of Colorado at Boulder; Brendon Cahoon and Perry Cheng, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center; Amer Diwan, University of Colorado at Boulder; David Grove and Michael Hind, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center
Abstract
Modern Java programs, such as middleware and application servers, include many complex software components. Improving the performance of these Java applications requires a better understanding of the interactions between the application, virtual machine, operating system, and architecture. Hardware performance monitors, which are available on most modern processors, provide facilities to obtain detailed performance measurements of long-running applications in real time. However, interpreting the data collected using hardware performance monitors is difficult because of the low-level nature of the data.
We have developed a system, consisting of two components, to alleviate the difficulty of interpreting results obtained using hardware performance monitors. The first component is an enhanced VM that generates traces of hardware performance monitor values while executing Java programs. This enhanced VM generates a separate trace for each Java thread and CPU combination and thus provides accurate results in a multithreaded and multiprocessor environment. The second component is a tool that allows users to interactively explore the traces using a graphical interface. We implemented our tools in the context of Jikes RVM, an open source Java VM, and evaluated it on a POWER4 multiprocessor. We demonstrate that our system is effective in uncovering as yet unknown performance characteristics and is a first step in exploring the reasons behind observed behavior of a Java program.
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